New Musical Expression
A further step in making music more attractive is the aestheticization of the music notation itself. The need for new musical expression confronted composers with the limitations of "usual" musical notation. New graphic elements were added or displaced completely the normal notation. The scores of John Cage clearly illustrate this.
"Ode de Cologne", a composition that represents the Cologne Cathedral, occupies an exceptional place. The notation is very "classical", but the shape of the work is very strictly determined by the similarity with the Gothic building. Visually it is a nice effect and it looks as the visual message is stronger than the musical one.